Sectional steam-boiler



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

D. L. ADAMS.

SBOTIONAL STEAM BOILEB..

No. 349,918. Patented Sept. 28, 1886.

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SEGTIONAL STEAM BOILER.

N0. 349,918. Patented Sept. 28, 1886.

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D. L. ADAMS.

SBGTIONAL STEAM BOILBR.

No. 349,918. t Patented Sept. Z8, 1886.

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SEGTIONAL STEAM BOILER.

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Patented Sept. 28, 1886.

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DANIEL L. ADAMS, OF READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

SECTIONAL STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 349,918, datedSeptember 28, 1886.

Application filed June 17, 1886.

To all whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, DANIEL L.. ADAMS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Reading, in the county of Berks and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in SectionalSteam-Boilers; and I do declare the following to be a t'ull,clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figuresof reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates especially to that class of steam-boilers knownas sectional7 boilers, in which a series of chambered metallic sectionsare united by tubular joints and suitable bolts, the whole forming aboiler which eX- poses a large surface to the fire, with a comparativelysmall quantity of water which is kept in constant circulation,preventing the deposit of scale upon the parts exposed to the action ofthe tire, and thus giving the full effect of the heat which may beconducted through the metal of the sections to the water for itsconversion into steam, as such scale is a non-conductor of heat, and,when the chambers of a boiler are thickly lined therewith, it preventsthe heated metal from coming in Contact with the water, thus causinggreat waste of fuel and limited production of steam.

The object of this invention is to improve the construction of thisclass of steam-boilers by so forming the sections that when properlyarranged and connected they make a tire-box capable of receiving itssupply of fuel from the ordinary end door, or through the top, so as toform a magazine or self-feeding furnace, the several sections formingthe grate upon which the fuel rests during combustion, devices forclearing the spaces between said grates, and also a combustion-chamberin the rear of the fire-box so arranged as to insure a complete burningof the gases rising from the fuel.

A further object is to arrange the setting or casing within which theboiler is inclosed in such a manner that the radiated heat from theouter surface of the boiler may be utilized in warming" air for heatingrooms or other pur- Scrial No. 205,418. (No model.)

poses; and the invention consists in the construction and combination ofthe several parts in such a manner as to accomplish the abovenamedobjects, as hereinafter fully described, and specifically stated in theclaims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the boilerand its connections, a part of the outer casing being broken away toshow clearly the relative arrangement of the boiler-sections. Fig. 2 isa vertical longitudinal section through the boiler, its supporting-base,and the case by which its upper part is surrounded. Fig. 3 is altransverse vertical section on the line y y, Fig. 1, illustrating therelative arrangements of the boiler-sections with the other parts atthat point. Fig. 4 is an elevation of the front section of the boiler,containing the feed-door. Fig. 5 shows a part of one of thcboiler-sections above the ash-pit, with the grate-cleaning device inposition. Fig. 6 represents a vertical section of one of theboiler-sections in that part forming the combustion-chamber. Fig. 7 is aperspective view of one section of the boiler in the part forming thefire-box. Fig. S presents a plan of two sections forming a part of thegrate. It also shows the manner in which the joints between the severalsections are iliade. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the gasketsused in making thejoints between the sections.

Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in all the figures.y This boiler is formed of a series of hollow cast-iron sections ofcertain specific forms, by the combination of which in different waysthe form of the boiler, as a whole, may be changed to suit therequirements of the situation in which it is placed and the work it isdesired to do, the principal use being to heat buildings, for whichpurpose it is admirably adapted, as the principle of constructionenables it to be readily adapted to the size of the building it is toheat, while the base which forms the ash-pit and upon which it rests,together with the outer case covering the steamproducing part render itcomplete and in form to be readily placed wherever wanted without theuse of brick-work or other setting. This ICO vided with an air or draftopening, a', closed.

by an adjustable cover, so that the amount of air entering the ash-pitmay be readily `gaged to suit the wants of the fire. In the rear of thisash pit and partly supported by the brackets B is a chamber which isdivided by the sliding diaphragm or damper B into two'commets, A l A3,the upper one forming a-combustion-chamber where the gases from the fuelmlngle and are completely burned. The lower chamber forms a smoke-boxand is connected by a suitable opening, as ajwith the smoke-r flue C. Atthe outer end cf thissrnokeflue is placed a cleaning-door, C', throughwhich the ashes or soot accumulating in the smokebox A3 may be readilyremoved when necessary v e,

It will be seen that the adj ustableairopen- Aing inthe ash-pit door,together with the sliding damperV B", V affords means forl completelycontrolling the admission of air tothe f ueland escape of the gaseousproducts ofkcornbustion therefrom, and by connecting both oneithejr ofthem to one of the well-known regulators operated by the steam-pressure`the intensityof the fire and amount of steam generated will y beautomatically regulated.

It will be observed that the of the base A, formed ofthe grate bars, isin low, so that the water has a free circulation' through every part,and are providedrwith iour or more rectangular jopeningsfb @through`which the watercirculation is kept up, and through `which the bolts bthat connect the sect1ons pass,a rectangular gasket, b, having anopening through it corresponding vwith the openings bin the sections,being placed between the adjoining faces of each two sectionssurrounding the openings b; These gaskets form the joint packing, andwhen the nuts upon the bolts b (which pass through the severalsect1ons)are screwed up they are all firmly connected, so as to formacomplete boiler with a free water-circulation throughout.

As the packing used to make the joints and `the slight projection of thcparts upon which it in the side ofthe adjacent section. Thus it will beseen that the sections have a tongue on one side anda groove upon theother so arranged that when the several sections are brought together ina boiler all the openings, except those required for the introduction offuel and exit ofthe products of combustion, are closed.

In the arrangement of the several sections to form a boiler I willdescribe that shown in the drawings, but it will be understood' thatthis arrangement mayv be changed to suit the different situations inwhich the boiler is placed or purpose v to which it is applied. Section1, which is placed at the front, is provided with the projecting fiangese, against which the door D, hinged to lugs e', rests when closed. Thisdoor is provided .with an inner plate, D', held at a short distance fromthe outer plate by suitable studbolts, an air-opening, e, being formedin the outer plate. The-air passing through this opening strikesagainst- G, of this serves as one of thegrates, and upper. covering isprovided on one side with short projections f, which jpartly fill thespace between cllned from the front of the furnace to its rear, thegrate-barsand the sections of Vwhich they are a part being so lecated`upon the side walls: of the base asl to make this covering inclined. fUpon this base, therefore, are carried theboilerj sections l 2 34 5.These sectionsare all formed of cast-iron, as shown in the det-ail Figs.4,5,

it and the lower bar, G, of the next section, numbered 3. This sectionhas the` same construction of lower bar to serve as a grate as thepreceding, but the open space E is of less height, leaving a largerwater-space above it. This section is also provided with lugs g, towhich the hopper H of the magazineis secured by bolts y. `This hopperextends rearwardly for four sections, and is then secured by simi larbolts to the lugs of aA boiler-section identi,- cal in construction4with section 3 just described. This hopperis provided with acover, H',and is used in the usual manner. The coal or Aother fuel being placedtherein and falling upon the grate burns about its edges, and as itconsumes the supply is automatically kept up by the settling of the fuelin the hopper.

The following four sections (marked 4 4 4 4 in the drawings) areidentical in construction, but differfrom those heretofore described, inthe fact that they have no cross-bar at top, thisspacebeing lleft o penfor the descent of the fuel placed in the hopper. The succeeding section(also marked 3) is identical with the one in front of the hopper. Thenext section is the same as that heretofore described and vmarked 2; butthis is followed by a section (marked 5) which differs from thoseheretofore described in having al much smaller opening, E, the lowercross-bar, G', being Acarried much higher than those preceding, whichact as gratebars. The reason for this is that lthe part G acts as abridge-wall, partially sep- IIS . arating the lire-box from thecombustion-chamber L which follows it. This co1nbustion-chamber isformed by placing four sections of the same construction as thatheretofore described as No. 2, side by side, and following with asection, 5, which forms the rear end of the boiler, the opening in saidterminal section being closed by a plate, k, thus completing theconstruction of the boiler so far as its water-carrying portions areconcerned.

In order to clean the grate two shafts, L L, are placed lengthwise ofthe ash-pit beneath the grate, each of them being provided with arms hh. These arms carry rods h', upon which, at distances equal to thespaces between the grates, are placed the combs J J, the teeth of whichproject upward between the sections G, forming the gratebars. The outerends of the shafts L, which project in front of the ash-pit, are squaredto receive a shaking lever, by means of which an oscillating motion isgiven to the shafts. This motion, through the agency of the arms h,imparts a vertical as well as a lateral movement to the rods h andcombs, the teeth of which consequently pass upward through theinterstices between the bars, and at the same time move from side toside, effectually breaklng up clinkers and disengaging the ashes whichfall into the ashpit.

It will be observed that the several sections of the boiler form acontinually ascending series, which facilitates the circulation of thewater and escape of steam to the highest point where a connection withthe steampipe is made, as at m, the water being introduced at theopposite end of the boiler, as at a. Suitable openings are also formedin the two end sections, as at o, for the purpose of washing out theboiler when desired.

As the outer surface of the boiler presents a large heat-radiatingsurface, it becomes desirable to provide means by which this can beaccomplished. I have therefore provided a tinlined case, P, which restsat its lower edge upon the base A, but completely incloses the severalsections of the boiler, a suitable space being left between the outersurface of said sections and the inner surface of the case for thepassage of the air, which enters by the cold-air pipe P, and afterhaving been heated by contact with the outer surface of the boiler,passes out through the pipe P to the room or rooms where its heat is tobe utilized.

It will be apparent,as hereto fore stated, that many changes may be madein the number and arrangement of the sections composing the boiler tosuit the circumstances in which the same is to be placed. For instance,should the cellar or other room in which the boiler is situated have alow ceiling, rendering it inexpedient to use the magazine, the part ofthe boiler occupied by sections 4 4 will be filled with sections 2 2 andthe fuel supplied wholly t-hrough the door D. Again, thecombustionchamber in rear of the fire-box, as well as the fire-boxitself, may be readily enlarged or diminished by adding to or takingfrom the number of sections employed in each.

A further great advantage gained by constructing boilers in this manneris the great facility offered by its peculiar construction in makingrepairs, as should a section be injured, it may be easily removed and anew one substituted.

Having thus described my invent-ion, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. Theherein-describcdstealn-boilerhaving sections arranged to form aninclined base; which is provided with the ash-pit, combustion-chamber,and smoke-box, said combustion-chamber and smoke-box being separated bya sliding damper, as set forth.

2. The base constructed as shown and described, in combination with theboiler-sections, the lower parts of which form the furnace grate-barsand shaking devices carried upon oscillating rockshafts, with botli anupward and a lateral movement between said grate-bars, as specified.

3. In a sectional steam-boiler, the combination of the several sectionsarranged upon an incline, with the base constructed as shown, and theouter case surrounding the sections and provided with air-ducts, as andfor the purpose stated.

4. The steam-boiler composed ofscctions arranged as described, incombination with the magazine and fuel-hopper attached to said sectionsin the manner specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DANIEL L. ADAMS.

Witnesses:

W. K. STEvnNs, PHILIP S. ZIEBER.

IOO

